SHERIDAN, WYOMING – November 10, 2024 – Heart attacks and cardiac arrests are serious heart-related emergencies that can be life-threatening. While the terms are often used interchangeably, they are distinct conditions with different causes and treatments.
Heart Attack: A 'Plumbing' Problem
A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is severely restricted or completely blocked. This blockage, typically caused by plaque buildup in the coronary arteries, deprives the heart muscle of oxygen, leading to tissue damage.
"A heart attack is often referred to as a 'plumbing' problem, because blood flow to the heart is interrupted, causing heart tissue to die," explains Rachel Keever, M.D., Medical Executive, Health Systems Integration at Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine's Cardiovascular therapeutic area in the U.S.
Risk Factors for Heart Attack
Several factors can increase the risk of a heart attack, including:
- Coronary heart disease
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Obesity
- Smoking
- Family history of coronary heart disease
While genetic predisposition cannot be changed, lifestyle modifications such as quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy diet can significantly reduce the risk.
Warning Signs of a Heart Attack
Recognizing the warning signs of a heart attack is crucial for seeking timely medical intervention. These signs may include:
- Chest pressure or pain
- Lightheadedness
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Shortness of breath
- Discomfort or pain in the jaw, neck, or arms
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is essential to seek immediate medical attention.
Cardiac Arrest: An 'Electrical' Problem
Cardiac arrest is primarily caused by an electrical malfunction in the heart, leading to an irregular heartbeat and potentially stopping the heart from beating altogether.
"Cardiac arrest, on the other hand, is most commonly an electrical malfunction inside the heart, triggering an irregular heartbeat that can cause the heart to stop beating," says Dr. Keever.
Risk Factors for Cardiac Arrest
Several factors can contribute to cardiac arrest, including:
- Heart attack
- Arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats)
- Pulmonary embolism (PE)
Warning Signs of Cardiac Arrest
The warning signs of cardiac arrest can be less predictable than those of a heart attack. Some individuals may experience fatigue, chest pain, dizziness, or shortness of breath leading up to a cardiac arrest. However, in many cases, people are unaware of their risk until it happens.
Importance of Family History
Knowing your family history is crucial in assessing your risk for sudden cardiac arrest. If you have a family history of heart problems, consult your doctor for appropriate screening and monitoring.
Treatment and Survival
Survival rates for cardiac arrest are significantly lower than those for heart attacks. Immediate treatment with CPR and an automated external defibrillator (AED) is critical for survival.
Johnson & Johnson's Commitment to Cardiovascular Health
Johnson & Johnson is dedicated to developing innovative technologies to prevent and treat heart conditions like heart attacks and cardiac arrests. The company's portfolio includes medications, medical devices, and treatment advancements for arrhythmias and other cardiovascular diseases.
"Cardiovascular medicine moves very quickly," says Dr. Keever, emphasizing Johnson & Johnson's commitment to innovation in heart disease.
Conclusion
Understanding the difference between heart attacks and cardiac arrests is vital for recognizing the warning signs and seeking timely medical intervention. By being aware of the risk factors and taking proactive steps towards heart health, you can reduce your risk and improve your overall well-being.